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Tinea (Ringworm): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Date: 04 Jun 2025

Tinea, commonly known as ringworm, is not caused by a worm, as the name might suggest. Instead, it refers to a group of contagious fungal infections that affect the skin, scalp, feet, nails, and other areas of the body. These infections are caused by dermatophytes, a type of fungus that feeds on keratin, a protein found in skin, hair, and nails.

Ringworm is widespread across all age groups and climates, but is particularly common in warm, humid environments like Kenya. Fortunately, with proper hygiene and the use of antifungal medications, such as those available at Pharmily, including Clotrimazole, Miconazole, and Terbinafine creams, ringworm is easily treatable.

 

What Causes Tinea (Ringworm)?

Tinea is caused by dermatophyte fungi that live on the outer layer of the skin. These fungi thrive in moist, warm environments and spread through:

  • Direct skin-to-skin contact with infected people or animals
     
  • Indirect contact via contaminated objects such as towels, shoes, gym equipment, combs, or bedding
     
  • Walking barefoot in communal areas like public showers, swimming pools, or locker rooms
     
  • Contact with infected soil
     

Tinea can affect various parts of the body, and its name changes depending on the area involved.

  1. Tinea corporis, or body ringworm, occurs on the exposed skin of the trunk, arms, or legs. It is characterized by round, red, itchy patches with raised, scaly borders and a clearer center, giving it the classic “ring-like” appearance. These patches can expand over time and may appear singly or in clusters, often causing considerable discomfort due to itching and inflammation.

 

  1. Tinea pedis, commonly known as athlete’s foot, affects the feet—especially the spaces between the toes. It often presents with symptoms such as peeling skin, cracking, redness, and itching. In more severe cases, it may cause blisters or sores and is frequently associated with a burning sensation. This form of tinea thrives in warm, damp environments such as sweaty shoes and communal showers.

 

  1. Tinea cruris, or jock itch, affects the groin, inner thighs, and buttocks. It is more common in males and in people who engage in sports or sweat heavily. The infection causes a red, itchy, and sometimes painful rash that typically forms a half-moon shape with a well-defined, scaly border. Tight clothing and poor ventilation can aggravate the condition.

 

  1. Tinea capitis targets the scalp and is most commonly seen in children. It often begins as small, scaly patches on the scalp and may cause hair in the affected areas to break off, leading to visible bald spots. Other symptoms may include itching, tenderness, swollen lymph nodes, and in severe cases, the formation of pus-filled lesions (kerions). Because the fungus infects hair shafts, topical treatments alone are often insufficient.

 

  1. Tinea unguium, also known as onychomycosis or nail fungus, affects the toenails or fingernails. Infected nails may become thickened, discolored (yellow, white, or brown), brittle, or crumbly. The nails may separate from the nail bed, and in some cases, emit a foul odor. This type of infection is persistent and often requires long-term oral antifungal therapy to fully resolve.

 

Symptoms of Tinea Infections

Though symptoms vary depending on the affected area, common signs include:

  • Itchy, red, scaly patches on the skin
     
  • Ring-like rashes with a central clearing and raised edges
     
  • Blisters or oozing lesions in more severe cases
     
  • Thickened or crumbling nails in nail infections
     
  • Hair loss and tenderness in scalp infections
     

It is important to start treatment early to prevent the infection from spreading or worsening.

 

The Role of Antifungals in Treating Tinea

Antifungal medications work by targeting the cell membranes of fungi, disrupting their structure and preventing them from growing and reproducing. Treatment can be topical or oral, depending on the severity and location of the infection.

At Pharmily, we stock a variety of effective antifungal products, including:

 

Top Treatment Options for Ringworm at Pharmily Kenya

1. Canesten Cream 20g

  • Active Ingredient: Clotrimazole 1%

  • Benefits:

    • Clinically proven to treat fungal infections, including ringworm, athlete's foot, and yeast infections.

    • Relieves itching and irritation.

    • Fast-absorbing and non-greasy formula.

    • Suitable for all skin types.

  • Usage: Apply a thin layer to the affected area 2-3 times daily. Continue use for at least 2 weeks after symptoms disappear to prevent recurrence.

2. HILDERM-CH Cream

  • Active Ingredients: Clobetasol Propionate, Miconazole Nitrate, Neomycin Sulfate

  • Benefits:

    • Triple-action formula: antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory.

    • Effective against ringworm, eczema, dermatitis, and infected rashes.

    • Fast-absorbing and non-greasy.

  • Usage: Apply a thin layer twice daily (morning and night) to the affected area. Use as directed by a healthcare professional.

3. Nutra Red Thyme Oil 30ml

  • Key Properties: Natural antiseptic, antibacterial, and antifungal.

  • Benefits:

    • Supports skin healing and treats fungal infections like ringworm.

    • Can be used for respiratory support and muscle pain relief.

  • Usage: Dilute with a carrier oil before topical application.
     

Note: Oral antifungals can have side effects and should only be taken under a doctor’s supervision, especially if you have liver problems or are on other medications.

 

General Management and Prevention

To support healing and prevent recurrence or spread of the infection, it's important to combine medical treatment with proper hygiene practices:

✅ Personal Hygiene Tips

  • Wash affected areas daily and dry thoroughly, especially between toes or skin folds.
     
  • Change socks, underwear, and workout clothes daily.
     
  • Avoid sharing towels, razors, or personal items.
     
  • Disinfect shoes and sprinkle antifungal powder in them if treating athlete’s foot.
     
  • Keep nails trimmed and clean.
     

✅ Environmental Control

  • Launder bedding, clothes, and towels in hot water and dry on high heat.
     
  • Clean communal surfaces such as gym equipment or floors regularly.
     
  • Treat pets with veterinary guidance if they show signs of fungal infections.
     

 

When to See a Doctor

You should consult a healthcare provider if:

  • The infection does not improve after 2–4 weeks of treatment
     
  • You develop signs of a secondary bacterial infection (pus, increased pain, fever)
     
  • You have diabetes, a weakened immune system, or recurrent infections
     
  • The infection affects the scalp or nails, which usually require oral medication
     

 

Where to Buy Antifungal Products in Kenya

You can easily purchase Clotrimazole, Miconazole, and Terbinafine creams from Pharmily, your trusted online pharmacy in Kenya.

Why Choose Pharmily?

  • Genuine, high-quality medications
     
  • Affordable prices
     
  • Fast, discreet home delivery
     
  • Expert advice from licensed pharmacists
     

 

FAQs About Tinea (Ringworm)

1. Is ringworm a serious condition?

Ringworm is usually not serious, but it can become chronic or lead to secondary infections if not treated properly. Early treatment prevents the spread and discomfort.

2. How long does it take to treat ringworm?

With topical antifungals, mild cases can resolve in 2–4 weeks. More severe or nail/scalp infections may take several months with oral antifungals.

3. Can ringworm return after treatment?

Yes. If proper hygiene isn't maintained or if you come into contact with an infected source again, reinfection is possible. Always complete the full course of treatment.

4. Can I go to school or work if I have ringworm?

Yes, but the affected area should be covered, and treatment must be ongoing. Avoid sharing personal items or close skin contact until the infection clears.

5. Is ringworm contagious from pets?

Yes. Pets like cats and dogs can carry and transmit ringworm. If you suspect your pet has ringworm, seek veterinary care and clean your environment thoroughly.