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Understanding Contact Dermatitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

Date: 04 Jun 2025

Contact dermatitis is a common skin condition that results in red, itchy, and inflamed skin caused by direct contact with an irritant or allergen. Although it is not contagious or life-threatening, it can significantly disrupt daily life due to discomfort and flare-ups. Effective treatment and proper skin care can help manage and prevent future reactions.

Contact dermatitis occurs when the skin reacts to a substance it has touched. The reaction can be either irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD):

  • Irritant Contact Dermatitis: Caused by repeated exposure to irritants such as soaps, detergents, acids, or solvents.
     
  • Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Occurs when the skin develops an allergic reaction to a substance like nickel, fragrances, latex, or certain plants (e.g., poison ivy).
     

 

Signs and Symptoms of Contact Dermatitis

  • Redness and swelling
     
  • Dry, scaly, or cracked skin
     
  • Itching or burning sensation
     
  • Blisters or oozing (in more severe reactions)
     
  • Pain or discomfort, especially when the skin is stretched or touched
     

Symptoms usually appear within hours or days of exposure and are localized to the area of contact.

 

Causes and Risk Factors

  • Frequent exposure to cleaning products or harsh soaps
     
  • Wearing jewelry made of nickel
     
  • Use of cosmetic products or perfumes
     
  • Exposure to industrial chemicals or workplace irritants
     
  • Pre-existing skin conditions like eczema
     

 

Treatment and Management of Contact Dermatitis Available at Pharmily

Managing contact dermatitis involves both soothing active flare-ups and preventing future reactions. Pharmily Kenya offers a variety of dermatologist-recommended products to help you restore comfort and skin health.

1. Mentholatum Deep Heat Rub

Although primarily marketed for muscle relief, this camphor and menthol-based cream provides a cooling sensation that can soothe irritated and itchy skin. The menthol helps to reduce the itch response, while camphor calms inflammation. It's best applied in small amounts to affected, unbroken skin for temporary relief of contact dermatitis discomfort.

2. Aveeno Skin Relief Moisturizing Lotion

Formulated with natural colloidal oatmeal, this lotion provides long-lasting moisture and helps restore the skin’s protective barrier. It’s fragrance-free and suitable for sensitive skin, making it ideal for daily use in contact dermatitis management. It also reduces itching and flakiness commonly associated with skin inflammation.

3. CeraVe Moisturizing Cream

This dermatologist-recommended cream contains ceramides and hyaluronic acid, essential for repairing and maintaining the skin barrier. It’s particularly useful for treating the dry, cracked skin seen in contact dermatitis and can prevent future flare-ups. Its non-comedogenic, fragrance-free formula is gentle even on the most sensitive skin types.

5. Bio-Health Hyperidrine St John's Wort

Bio-Health Hyperidrine St John's Wort - 300mg 60 Capsules is a natural herbal supplement designed to support emotional well-being and reduce feelings of stress, anxiety, and mild depression. St. John's wort is a traditional herbal remedy that has been used for centuries to promote mental balance and improve mood.

6. Turmeric Capsules

Turmeric is a powerful natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Its active compound, curcumin, may help reduce skin inflammation and discomfort in contact dermatitis when taken as a supplement. These capsules support internal healing and may enhance the skin’s resilience when used alongside topical treatments.

 

FAQs About Contact Dermatitis

1. Is contact dermatitis contagious?

No. It cannot be spread from person to person.

2. How long does contact dermatitis last?

With proper treatment and trigger avoidance, symptoms usually clear up within 2–4 weeks.

3. Can I use over-the-counter products for contact dermatitis?

Yes. Products such as antihistamine creams, camphor ointments, and moisturizers available at Pharmily Kenya can provide relief. However, persistent or severe cases should be evaluated by a dermatologist.

4. When should I see a doctor?

Seek medical attention if:

  • Symptoms persist beyond 3 weeks
     
  • The rash is painful or oozing pus
     
  • It covers a large area of your body
     
  • You have trouble sleeping due to itching
     

5. Can children use these products?

Some creams and lotions are safe for children, but always read labels or consult a pediatrician before use.