Understanding Urticaria: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options in Kenya

Date: 05 Jun 2025

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition marked by red, itchy, and swollen welts that appear suddenly. It can affect anyone and may be triggered by allergic reactions, stress, medications, infections, or environmental factors. Urticaria can be acute (lasting less than six weeks) or chronic (persisting longer than six weeks). Understanding the root causes and treatment options is essential for effective management and relief.

 

What Causes Urticaria?

Urticaria develops when the immune system releases histamine in response to certain triggers. These include:

• Allergens: Foods (e.g., shellfish, nuts), insect stings, pet dander, and pollen.
• Medications: Antibiotics, NSAIDs, or aspirin.
• Infections: Viral or bacterial infections, especially in children.
• Stress: Emotional stress can worsen or trigger flare-ups.
• Physical stimuli: Sun exposure, pressure, cold, or heat.

In some cases, the exact cause remains unknown, especially in chronic urticaria.

 

Common Symptoms

The most identifiable symptoms of urticaria include:

• Raised, red, or skin-colored welts on the skin.
• Intense itching, burning, or stinging.
• Welts that vary in size and can appear anywhere on the body.
• Swelling (angioedema), especially around the eyes, lips, hands, or feet.

These welts may appear and disappear within hours, but new ones can emerge, leading to prolonged discomfort.

 

Diagnosis and Evaluation

Diagnosis is primarily based on physical examination and a review of the patient’s history. Doctors may ask about:

• Recent foods or medications.
• Exposure to allergens.
• Presence of infections or autoimmune disorders.

In chronic cases, blood tests, allergy tests, or skin biopsies may be required.

 

Treatment Options for Urticaria

Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing further flare-ups. Mild cases often resolve without medication, but persistent or severe urticaria may require:

• Antihistamines: First-line treatment to block histamine and reduce itching.
• Corticosteroids: Used for short-term relief in severe cases.
• Immunosuppressants: For chronic and unresponsive urticaria.
• Lifestyle Adjustments: Avoiding triggers, wearing loose clothing, and reducing stress.

 

The Best Products in Kenya for Urticaria Available at Pharmily

Pharmily.co.ke provides a variety of effective treatments for urticaria. Below are trusted products available for convenient online purchase in Kenya:

 

1. Cetirizine Tablets

Cetirizine is a fast-acting, non-drowsy antihistamine ideal for relieving itching, swelling, and redness associated with hives. It works by blocking histamine receptors and is suitable for both acute and chronic urticaria. Its 24-hour effectiveness allows for once-daily dosing and long-lasting comfort.

2. Calamine Lotion

Calamine lotion is a soothing topical treatment that provides immediate relief from itching and irritation. It cools the skin and helps dry out any weeping welts, making it a useful addition to oral antihistamines for symptomatic relief.

3. Menthol-Based Creams

Menthol creams deliver a cooling sensation to the skin, which helps to distract from the discomfort of itching and inflammation. These creams can be applied directly to affected areas and are particularly helpful for nighttime relief when symptoms tend to worsen.

All products are available on Pharmily.co.ke, with options for delivery across Kenya and pharmacist support for personalized care.

 

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if:

• Hives persist for more than six weeks.
• You experience breathing difficulties, dizziness, or swelling of the lips or throat (signs of anaphylaxis).
• Over-the-counter medications do not provide relief.

Chronic or severe urticaria may require prescription medications and further investigation.

 

Prevention Tips

Preventing urticaria involves identifying and avoiding triggers. Helpful tips include:

• Keeping a diary to track flare-ups and potential triggers.
• Wearing loose, cotton clothing to reduce skin irritation.
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques.
• Avoid known allergens and stay hydrated.

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is urticaria contagious?

No. Urticaria is not contagious. It results from your body’s immune response to a trigger and cannot be spread from one person to another.

2. Can urticaria be cured completely?

In many cases, acute urticaria resolves on its own. Chronic urticaria may persist for months or years but can often be managed effectively with lifestyle changes and medication.

3. What foods should I avoid if I have urticaria?

Common food triggers include shellfish, nuts, eggs, dairy, and food additives like sulfites or preservatives. Keeping a food diary may help identify specific culprits.

4. How long does urticaria last?

Acute urticaria can last from a few hours to several days. Chronic urticaria is defined as symptoms that persist for more than 6 weeks, often coming and going over time.

5. Is it safe to use antihistamines daily for chronic urticaria?

Yes, non-sedating antihistamines like cetirizine or loratadine are safe for long-term use under medical supervision. They are commonly prescribed for daily symptom control.